The Peace Corps established its program in Mongolia at the invitation of the Mongolian government in 1991. The program began with teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) and has built a well-established education partnership. Volunteers today are working in the fields of English and health education. All Peace Corps Volunteers in Mongolia are considered community development workers and, as such, support community service activities and cross-sector initiatives such as sanitation and alcohol awareness. Currently, Volunteers work in all 21 provinces throughout Mongolia.

The mission of Peace Corps/Mongolia Volunteers and staff is to provide community-based development assistance that addresses needs identified by Mongolian partners and to promote cross-cultural understanding between Americans and Mongolians. Peace Corps/Mongolia programs emphasize sustainable community development and capacity-building that relies on locally available resources.