The Peace Corps established its program in Mongolia at the invitation of the Mongolian government in 1991 and, since then, more than 1,100 Volunteers have served. The program began with teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) and currently about 135 Volunteers are working in the fields of education, health, community development, and community youth development. All Peace Corps Volunteers in Mongolia are considered community development workers and, as such, support community service activities and such cross-sector initiatives such as HIV/AIDS or alcohol awareness. Currently, Volunteers work in all 21 provinces throughout Mongolia.

The mission of Peace Corps/Mongolia Volunteers and staff is to provide community-based development assistance that addresses needs identified by Mongolian partners and to promote cross-cultural understanding between Americans and Mongolians. Peace Corps/Mongolia programs emphasize sustainable community development and capacity-building that relies on locally available resources.